Liquid heater and vaporizer



" May 22, 1923. 1,456,016 'C. E. WARD LIQUID HEATER AND YAPORIZE-R Filed March 14 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 1,456,016 0. E. WARD 1921 s shex-sheet2 Zijwuwtoa: Mimi/10rd,

Li UID HEATER AND VAPORIZER Filed March 14 0 M 6 1% 1 rrr u 07 0000000000 00 00 0o. 0 o J ooooooo 00000O00 1 .0 .4 00000000 00 0o 00 00 oo0000000 I 00000000 0 0 0 0 o o 00000000 0 0 0 o 0 o 000000 00 00 00 00oo 0 [0000000 MM 000 00 0 0 o 0 0 o 0 00000000 0 o 0 0 0 000000 00 00 0000 00 0 0000000. 1 00000000 0 0 0 o 0 0 00000000 0 o 0 o 0 o 00000000 0000 00.00 00 o ooooooo I I 00 000000 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0000000 0 o o 0 0 0 C.E; WARD LIQUID HEATER AND VAPORIZER Filed March 14 1921 3 Shgeet-Sheet 5ogaYJo 6 50 03 B 51;

I ooooooo IOOOOOOOO l 0O O0O000OOO0OO' OOOOOOOOGOOGOOOOOOOOQOOO PatentedMay 22, 1923.

FCE.

LIQUID HEATER AND V'APOR-IZIIEIR.

Application filed March 14,

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. WARD, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Charleston, in the county of Kanawha and State of VestVirginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in LiquidHeaters and Vaporizers; and I do hereby declare-the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame. i This invention relates to liquid heaters and Vaporizers and moreparticularly to the so-ca'lled express type of boiler and superheaterstherefor, and has for its object to provide such a boiler andsuperheater which will be comparatively simple in construction and moreeflicient in action than those which have been heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in thenovel details of construction and combination of parts more I fullyhereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification, in which like numerals design-ate like parts in all theviews:

Figure 1 is a vertical, transverse sectional view of a portion of anexpress type of steam boiler and superheater therefor, made inaccordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged diagrammatic horizontal sectional view takenapproximately on the line 22 of Figure 1, looking in the direction ofthe arrows;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but taken on \the line 3--3 ofFig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows Figure 4 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1, of a slightlymodified form of the invention; andFigure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately on the line5-5 of Figure 4.

In the prior United States Patent No. 1,318,059, granted October 7,1919, to Charles W. Dyson, there is disclosed an express type of steamboiler and superheater therefor, wherein the superheater tubes areadapted to enter and normally occupy positions in lanes formed in thesteam generating tubes by the omission of a portion of such generatingtubes. It is pro 1921. ,Serial No. 452,044.

posed in this said Dyson patent tomount the lower superheater drumapproximately in the same horizontal plane as the lower generating drumof the boiler and to one side thereof, and it is further proposed to socess may be had to the said superheater tubes for repairs, etc.

It has been found in actual practice, however, that when boilers of thistype are designed for use aboard ships, and especially aboard warvessels, where the factor of.

space occupied by the boiler is an exceedingly important one, that themounting of the lower ,superheaten drums in the same horizontal plane asthe lower boilerdrums and to one side thereof, causes the boiler andsuperheater to assume such lateral dimensions as to be prohibitive.

It is therefore one of the objects of the present invention to soarrange the superheater drums and tubes so as to reduce -the lateralspace required to little, if any, more than that normally required forthe boiler alone.

drawings:

1 indicates a water tube boiler of the socalled express type, providedwith a relatively large upper drum 2 and with the usual lower drums 3,only one of which is shown in the drawings, it being understood,

however, that all the parts illustrated in Figure 1 are, or may be,duplicated exactly, in a reversed relation, upon the left hand side asseen in" said figure. The said drum 2 is perforated in the usual mannerto re- 'ceive the upper ends" of a set of water tubes 4, the lower endsof which are suitably introduced into the lower drum 3, as indicated.

5 designates generally the superheater comprising a lower drum orreceptacle 6, an upper drum or receptacle 7, and a series of,connectingtubes 8, the ends of which are respectively introduced into the saiddrumsfi and 7, as will be readily understood. The said drums 2, 3, 6,and 7 may be suitably supported in any desired manner upon the furnacestructure 18, which Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the .1 adaptedfor the combustion of either liquid,

gaseous, or solid fuel, as may be preferable. In order to carry out theprimary ob ect of the invention, and to reduce the lateral dimensions ofthe boiler and superheater,

instead of mounting the lower superhea'ter drums 6 in the samehorizontal plane as the lower boiler drum 3, and to one 'side thereof,as was the case in the above mentioned prior Patent #1,318,059, I haveraised the drum 6 until it occupies substantially the same verticalplane as the drum 3. As will be readily apparent, this is possible, dueto the fact that the steam generating tubes 4: are sharply inclinedin'this type of boiler so that by-raising the drum 6 into a horizontalplane above that of the drum 3 it is possible to move the said drum 6inwardly to approximately the same vertical plane as the said drum 3. V

As best shown in Figures 2, and 3, the steam generating tubeselconnecting the drums 2 and 3 are arranged to provide 0 en lanes orpasages 10, this being accomplis ed by the omimion of a portion ofcertain of the rows of steam generating tubes, all as was clearlypointed out in the said Dyson patent- In like manner the superheatertubes 8 are arranged in rows such as 11, adapted to enter the said lanes10 and occupy a portion of the length of the same. Due to the fact,however, that the lower superheater drum 6 has been moved upwardlyv andinwardly from its position, as shown in the said Dyson patent, thelength of the superheater tubes 8 has been greatly decreased, so that inthe; present construction they occupy only the upper portion of thelength of the lanes 10, which are provided in the steam gencratingtubes. perheater tubes, as well as the length ofthe portion of the laneswhich they occupy may be varied more or less to meet specific operatingconditions, but'as here shown, the

said superheater tubes will occupy only approximately say one half ofthe length of the lanes existing in the steam generating tubes,

Owing to this reduction in the length of the superheating tubes it, ofcourse, results that the'lower portion of the lanes formed in r thesteam generating tubes is unoccupied,

and I have found from practical experiments that if this said unoccupiedspace is a. permitted to exist, a relatively large proportion of thegaseous products of combustion which pass from the fire box 9 around thetubes 4 and 8 will pass into and through the said unoccupied portions ofsaid lanes instead of around those steam generating tubes which areadjacent thereto. In other words, the said hot gases will follow thepath of least resistance and a great deal of The length of these saids11 the eficiency of the lower portion of the steam generating tubesadjacent the lanes will be lost.

Accordingly, in order to overcome this objection, I propose to fill upthe unoccupied .lower portions of the laneslO in any suitabie'manner, asfor example, by the metallic baflles or filling'members 15, constructedin any suitable manner, either of solid or sheet me t-a1 material, asillustrated, and adapted to substantially completely occupy the lowerportionof the lanes 10 which is not required for. the rows 11 of thesuperhea'ter'tubes 8. It thus results that when the hot gases from thefire box 9;, after passing around the left handsteam generating tubes4:, as seen in the drawings, arrive at the lower portionsof the lanes 10existing-between the said tubes, instead of being able to'pass directlythrough the said lanes and thus escape contact, to a large degree, withthe generating tubes 4 adjacent t e said lanes, they will be forced topursue a zig-zag path between the said adjacent tubes, thereby greatlyincreasing the etliciency of the lower portions of said tubes. On theother hand, such of the gases as pass across the upper portion of thesteam generating tubes above the baflle members 15 and into the upperportions of the lanes 10 will be brought into contact with thesuperheater tubes 8,'whereby the heat carried by the said gases will beextracted therefrom bythe said superheater tubes in the usual manner.

In order to facilitate the conservation of the heat energy contained inthe hot gases. I also prefer to provide a horizontal baffle member 17running substantially the "entire length of the boiler and in closeproximity to the lowermost superheater tube substantially as shown. Thisbaffle member 17 likewise tends to cause the hot gases to remain longerin contact with the various steam generating ,and superheating tubes.and therefore serves of the present invention may be mounted similarlyto that disclosed in the said Dyson patent above. That is, the lowerdrum 6 may be so mounted as to be capable of rotation about itslongitudinal axis so that the entire supcrheater may be swung outwardlyaround the axis of the drum 6 should it become necessary to repair or torenew any of the superheater tubes.

It will, of course, be understood that a baffie member 15 is providedfor the lower por-, tion of the length of each of the lanes formed inthe steam generating tubes at and these said bafiie members may beconstructed individually and secured in any suitable manner to thefurnace structure or wall 18, or a plurality of them may be securedtogether and suitably supported from the ends of the furn ce or in anyother desired. manner.

I such as 6, I substitute therefor two recepas the drum 6.

tacles or chambers 22 and 23, as will be clear from Fig. 4. The lowerends of the superheater'tubes 8 are introduced through thewall of thechamber 22, which, as will be readily apparent, takes the place of thesuperheater drum 6 above described. The

' chamber 23 is rigidly secured in any suitable manner to the furnacestructure 18, while the chamber 22 is hinged to the said chamber 23, asat 21, thereby permitting the chamber 22 to be oscillated in much thesame manner Leading from the chamber 23 is a plurality of rows of watertubes 24 which tubes are introduced throughthe wall of the said chamberin vertical alinenient with the rows 11 of the superheater tubes, sothat the said tubes 24 are disposed in rows similar to the saidsuperheater tubes, and are adapted to enter and occupy thelow'erportions of the lanes 10 in the steam generating tubes. The lower endsof these said tubes 24 may be introduced into the lower water drum 3 inthe same manner as the generating tubes 4, as will be readily apparent.Suitable return or relief pipes 25 may .connect the chamber 23 with thesteam drum 2, substantially as shown, these saidrpipes being disposedintermediate of the rows of tubes 24, and also of the rows of tubes 11,of the superheater, and running upwardly outside of the steam generatingtubes, as will be clear from Figure 4.

It will therefore be seen that in this form of constructionsubstantially the same result is accomplished, in that the lowerportions of the lanes 10 which are not occupied by the rows 11 ofsuperheater tubes are subtype of boiler and a superheater therefor,

. wherein the entire width of the boiler and 1 superheater is notincreased at all over the lateral dimensions of the boiler alone; thatthe generating tubes of the said boiler are provided with lanes intowhich are adapted to enter the rows of superheater tubes in the samemanner aswas disclosed in the said prior patent to Dyson; that the saidsuperheater may be so constructed and mounted chamber whereby its tubesmay be withdrawn from the lanes formed in the generating tubes, for thepurpose ofrepair or renewal, in exactly the same manner as dis-. 4

closed in the Dyson patent; and that, owing to the fact that the lowerchamber 6 of the superheater has been moved upwardly and inwardly inorder to accomplish the desired result of lessening the total lateraldimension of the boiler, the length of the superheater tubes is greatlylessened, leaving unoccupied a portion of the length of the lanes in thesteam generating tubes which unoccupied-portion is filled in anysuitable manner, as by the bafiles 15, in order to. force the" hot gasesinto more intimate contact with the steam generating tubes adjacent thelower portion of the lanes, thereby conserving the heat carried'by saidgases and increasing the efficiency of the boiler.

It is obvious that those skilled in' the art may vary the details ofconstruction, as well as the arrangement of parts without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, and therefore, I do not wish to be limitedto the above disclosure, except as may be required by the claims.

What I claim is 1. In a steam boiler the combination of an upper and alower drum; a set of steam generating tubes joining said drums inclinedto a horizontal plane and so arranged as to provide a plurality ofopen-ended lanes extending lengthwise of said tubes and transversely ofsaid drums; an upper and a" lower superheater receptacle, saidlower.recep'tacle being disposed sufficiently above said lower drum asto occupy substantially the same vertical plane as said lower drum a setof superheater tubes oining said superheater receptacles arranged in'aplurality of rows and adapted to enter and occupy a portion only of thelength of said lanes;

and means adapted to occupy another por-v tion of the length of saidlanes and to prevent hot gases from passing therethrough, substantiallyas described.

2. In a steam boiler the combination of an upper and a lower drum'; aset of steam generating tubes joining said drums and so arranged as toprovide a plurality of openended lanes extending lengthwise of saidtubes and transversely of said drums; an

upper and a lower superheater drum, said lower superheater drum beingdisposed substantially in the same vertical plane as said lower boilerdrum; a set of superheater" tubes joining said superheater drumsarranged in a plurality of rows and adapted to enter and occupy aportion of the length of said lanes and means comp-rising a plurality ofbattles extending transversel'yof said drums and longitudinally of said'superheater tubes adapted to occupy another porclude hot gasestherefrom, substantially as '1 described, I

i 3. In a steam boiler the combination of an upper and lower drum;.-aset of. inclined steam generating tubes joiningsaid drums and soarranged as to provide a plurality of open ended lanes eirtendinglengthwise,

of said tubes; an upper and lower superh'eat'er re'eptacle; a pivotedmeans associated with said lower superheater receptacle about which saidupper rece )tacle may oscillate, said pivoted means loca ed above and insubstant-ially the same. vertical plane as said lower drum; a set ofcurved superheater tubes joining said superheater receptacles arrangedin a plurality of rows so1spaced. apart as to be capable of entering andoc-.

v cupying' a portion of the length of said lanes; and baffle meansextending trans- 2o versely of said drums and longitudinally of saidsuperheater tubes, adapted to occupy the lower portions of said lanesand to aid in excluding hot gases from said lanes..-

l. In a steam boiler the combination of an upper and lower drum; a setof inclinedv steam generating tubes joining said drums and so arrangedas to provide a plurality of open ended lanes extending lengthwise ofsaid tubes; an upper and lower superheater receptacle; a pivoted meansassociated with said lower superheater receptacle about which said upperreceptacle may oscillate, said pivoted means located abovejand insubstantially the samevertical plane as said lower drurn; a set ofcurved superheater [tubes oining said superheater receptacles arrangedin' a plurality of rows so spaced apart as to be capable of entering andoccupying-a portion of the length. of'sa-id lanes; a hot 40 waterreceptacle associated with said lower superheater; receptacle; andbaflie' means joined to said hot water'receptacle extending'transverselyof said drums and longitudinally of said superheater tubes, adapted tooccupy the lower portions of said lanes and to aid in excluding hotgases from said anaemic vertical plane as said lower boiler drum; a

pivot associated with said lower receptacle.

around which said upper receptacle may oscilla'te; a set of superheatertubes joining said upper superheater receptacle andsaid lowersuperheater receptacle arranged in a plurality. of rOWs adapted to enterand occupy a portion only of the length of said lanes; a waterreceptacle associated with said lower superheater receptacle; and a setof water tubes joining the said water receptacle and said lower boilerdrum, said last named tubes arranged in a' pluralityt of 'rows andadapted to -enter. and occupy an:

other portion of the length of said lanes,

substantially as described.

6..l[n a liquid heater and vaporizer the combination of wrapper and alower drum; v a set of steam generating tubes ]01I11I1g sald drums andso-"arranged as to provide a plu- "rality of open ended lanes extendinglength wise of said tubes; an upper and a lower superheater receptacle,said lower receptacle being disposed in substantially the same verticalplane as said boiler drum; a

set of superheater tubes joining s'aid receptacles arranged in aplurality of rows and adapted to enter and occupy a portion of thelength of said lanes; and means comprising a plurality of waterconducting loafiemembers adapted to enter and occupy another portion ofthe length of said lanes, substantially as described. I

7. In a liquid heater and vaporizer the combination of an upper and alowerdrum;

drums and so arranged as to provide a plurality of open ended lanesextending lengthwise of .said tubes; an upper superheater drum; aplurality ofichambers disposed in substantially the-same vertical planeas said: lower boiler drum; a set of superheater tubes joining-saidsuperheater drum and one of the chambers arranged in a plurality of rowsadapted to enter and occupy a portion' only of the length of said lanes;a set of water tubes joining the. other of said chambers and said lowerboiler drum arranged in a plurality of rows and adapted to enter .andoccupy another portion of the length of said lanes; and connectionsbetween said second chamber and said upper boiler j drum, substantiallyas described.

. In testimony whereof I 'afiix' my signature. .5

oHAn-LEs HWARn.

90 a set of" steam generating tubes joining said.

